European Experiences in Datа Exchanges’ Regulating and Prospect for Its Application in Russia

The article explores of legal aspects of artificial intelligence technologies’ implementation in the Russian Federation. The potential for AI applications can be seen in marketing, medicine, transportation, education, public administration and other areas. The authors established importance of legal regulation’ balance in order to provide business with opportunity to develop, protect human rights and ensure national security. The article pays considerable attention to study of data management regulation in Data Governance Act EU, dedicated to expanding the possibilities of data exchange and their commercial use. It is concluded that it is necessary to regulate the data brokers’ activities in the Russian Federation, who are intermediaries in data’ exchange. It is also necessary to adopt a law on the procedure for creating and using other data sets (not only those based on personal information). The authors examine the changes to the federal law on the protection of personal data, scheduled for introduction in the Russian Federation in September 2025. In this regard, the concepts of “data compositions”, the mechanism for their creation at the federal and regional levels, and the introduced prohibitions on cross-border transfer were studied. The article critically evaluates the norm on delegating the establishment of data anonymization process and determining its cost to the Government of the Russian Federation, also identifies doubts about the implementation of the right to access data compositions by participants of the “non-governmental” sector. The authors conclude that widespread access to up-to-date data sets will provide an incentive to improve Russia’s competitiveness on the global stage.