Promising Biofilm Inhibitors of S. aureus of Plant Origin

This article is devoted to the study of pathogenic properties of Staphylococcus aureus and the search for pharmaceutical means to prevent its development. Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive pathogenic bacterium, the causative agent of diseases of varying severity and lethality. The microorganism is widespread and highly virulent, can parasitize for a long time without symptoms, and is often capable of forming a biofilm, which, owing to complex molecular regulation, easily develops resistance to drugs, including antibiotics. Regular increase in drug doses to overcome resistance of S. aureus can pose a great danger to the patient’s life, so in medicine there is a growing need to search for new compounds to which the biofilm will be vulnerable. Plants are considered as a source of the least toxic target substances in the article. In connection with the above, an analysis of 96 scientific articles from PubMed and CyberLeninka resources over the past decades was conducted, of which 45 articles were included in the present study. As scientific data have shown, components of plant extracts such as aloe-emodin, carvacrol, and thymol, as well as the fermentation product DIM, have demonstrated their effectiveness against immature biofilms. We assume that, on the basis of such compounds, it will be possible to develop preventive and full-fledged medicines against non-film infections of S. aureuss in the future. Since the pathogen’s metabolism is still poorly understood, finding targets against it remains a challenging task.