Indirect Proof of the “Good Faith” Element in the System of Acquisition in Good Faith: Theory, Dilemmas, and Path Construction

善意取得制度中的“善意”要件的证明问题一直以来存在着争议，我国立法在证明责任分配上的不明确引发了学界的争论，且与其他国家和地区做法差异明显。同时，“善意”要件因其存在的消极事实和主观状态特征，难以通过直接证据加以确凿证明，这无疑给实务中当事人的举证活动带来了重重困难，当事人往往只能提供间接证据来支持自己的主张。鉴于此，如何合理构建“善意”要件的间接证明路径，成为一个亟待解决的问题。本文旨在深入探讨善意取得中“善意”要件的间接证明问题，基于我国典型案例的实证分析，对比分析不同国家和地区的立法与司法实践，提出切实可行的解决方案。The issue of proving the “good faith” element in the system of acquisition in good faith has been controversial for a long time. The ambiguity in the allocation of the burden of proof in Chinese legislation has sparked academic debates and differs from the practices of other countries and regions. Particularly challenging is the fact that the “good faith” element, due to its characteristics of being a negative fact and a subjective state, is difficult to conclusively prove through direct evidence, undoubtedly posing significant difficulties for parties in providing evidence in practice. In light of this, how to reasonably construct an indirect proof path for the “good faith” element has become an urgent issue to be resolved. This paper aims to delve into the issue of indirect proof of the “good faith” element in acquisition in good faith, through comparative analysis of the legislative and judicial practices of different countries and regions, combined with the actual situation in China, to propose practical solutions.