Progress in the Preparation and Application of Silicon Dioxide Aerogels

二氧化硅气凝胶是一种具有纳米多孔结构的新型轻质固体材料，由于其独特的性质引起了人们极大的兴趣，例如极低的密度、高比表面积、优异的隔热性能和光学透明性等。近年来，随着材料科学和纳米技术的快速发展，气凝胶在能源、环保、航空航天等领域的应用潜力逐渐显现。本文旨在综述二氧化硅气凝胶的最新研究进展，涵盖其制备方法及应用前景。Silicon dioxide aerogel is a new type of lightweight solid material with nanoporous structure, which has aroused great interest due to its unique properties, such as extremely low density, high specific surface area, excellent thermal insulation and optical transparency. In recent years, with the rapid development of materials science and nanotechnology, the potential of aerogels in energy, environmental protection, aerospace and other fields has gradually emerged. The aim of this paper is to review the latest research progress of silica aerogels, covering their preparation methods and application prospects.