Frequency Reconfigurability in Microstrip Patch Antennas for Iot Applications

Introduction: This paper presents various frequency reconfigurability techniques for Microstrip Patch Antennas. It discusses the choice of substrates, as well as the shape and size of the patch as key factors influencing reconfigurability. The proposed microstrip patch antenna is designed and simulated using different patch shapes and sizes, including stubs and resonators, to assess its frequency reconfigurability, reaching up to 60 GHz, which falls within the millimeter-wave frequency range. A comparison and validation of the proposed antenna are provided through graphical results, contrasting it with other patch antennas from existing literature. S11 simulations of various designs are compared, including the basic patch antenna, improved patch antenna, patch antenna with a shunt inductor placed 32mm above the feed point, antennas with microstrip resonators and symmetrical microstrip resonators, as well as those with and without harmonic suppressions. These are all presented in tables and graphs for detailed analysis.