Olympism and Cross-Cultural Differences in The Youth Olympic Games: The Case of Singapore and Norway

This study examines the influence of Olympism in a cross-cultural context within the Youth Olympic Games educational program. A mixed methods approach was used to analyse both quantitative data (surveys; n = 173) and qualitative data (semi-structured interviews; n = 30) from former Singaporean and Norwegian Youth Olympic Games athletes. The cross-cultural aspect of the current investigation was examined using two prominent cross-cultural dimensions, namely the original concepts of universalism and particularism, and individualistic vs collectivistic natured societies, as the theoretical underpinnings of cross-cultural differences in the program’s influence on participants from two selected countries. The findings indicate that when comparing Singaporean and Norwegian athletes, Singaporean athletes appear to be more receptive towards the Youth Olympic Games educational program and its impact. The significant findings are posited as stemming from the contrasting cultural norms and backgrounds of these athletes. Additionally, the Olympism subthemes of fair play and friendship are the most impacted by cross-cultural differences. Practical applications related to cross-cultural differences in program design are suggested for both Olympic scholars and YOG practitioners. Pre-/post-program specific strategies are outlined to strengthen and extend the impact of the educational program for all athletes competing in the Youth Olympic Games.