Robust Design of Fiber Bundle Reinforced <scp>PES</scp> Hollow Fiber Loose Nanofiltration Membranes With Long‐Term Operation Stability

ABSTRACT Usually, reinforcement is introduced into the membrane matrix to solve the problem of hollow fiber membranes with poor mechanical properties. Herein, the fiber bundle reinforced PES hollow fiber loose NF membranes with GO doping were fabricated by the skin‐core fiber spinning technology and concentric circle method in order to overcome the easily collapsible hollow fiber membrane at medium and high‐pressure operation. The reinforced structure and content of GO exhibited noticeable effects on the structure and properties of membranes. On the one hand, the fiber bundle constructed the excellent mechanical properties of the membrane (185 MPa) for enhancing the lateral pressure resistance, which was beneficial for long‐term stability. On the other hand, the high permeation flux and efficient dye desalination property were obtained due to the doping of GO. For example, the permeation flux of the obtained PPG‐3 membrane was up to 115.6 L m −2 h −1 with the rejection of Congo red (99.8%) and MgCl 2 (only 4.0%). Consequently, the GO‐doping and fiber bundle reinforced way could be considered as a synergistic effect to prepare the high permeation flux and long‐term operation stability of the hollow fiber loose NF membranes, which will be suitable for dye desalination in textile wastewater treatment.