Research on Key Sand Generating Parameters and Remote Sensing Traceability of Dust Storms in the Taklamakan Desert

This study investigated the dust storm observation data from the Taklimakan Desert in 2018, focusing on analyzing horizontal dust flux (Q), vertical dust flux (F), their relationships with aerosol optical depth (AOD), and the relationship between HYSPLIT backward trajectories and dust storm dispersion direction. Key findings include: (1) at the Xiaotang (XT) station, Q values at low heights (1–10 m) exceeded those at higher altitudes, highlighting the role of flat terrain in dust accumulation, while Q values at the Tazhong (TZ) station remained relatively stable, suggesting dust redistribution influenced by undulating topography; (2) vertical dust flux (F) decreased with height, with significant seasonal variations in spring linked to frequent dust events; (3) at station XT, the contribution of F at 5 m height is relatively strong to AOD and its peak precedes AOD by 24–72 h, although the direct correlation is weak; and (4) dust dispersion directions aligned with HYSPLIT trajectories and high Q values corresponded with remotely derived dust dispersion patterns.