Research on the Mechanism and Path of Realizing the Value of Farmland Carbon Sink

本文聚焦农田碳汇作为生态产品其价值实现的机制与路径的研究，探讨如何在“双碳”目标背景下，将农田生态系统中的碳汇潜力转化为经济价值，践行“绿水青山就是金山银山”的理念。文章介绍了农田碳汇的相关概念并对农田碳汇的政策文件进行系统梳理，分析农田碳汇价值实现的实践逻辑，并结合政策文件梳理了六大实现机制：调查监测、价值评价、经营开发、保护补偿、价值实现保障和推进机制，并结合实践提出农田碳汇价值实现的三大路径：市场路径、金融衍生路径和多元综合路径。最后，指出当前农田碳汇价值实现面临法规政策和核算方法方面不完善等问题，提出数字化与市场化手段结合等建议，以期为我国农田碳汇价值实现提供实践参考。This paper focuses on the research on the mechanism and path of realizing the value of farmland carbon sink as an ecological product, discusses how to transform the potential of carbon sink in farmland ecosystem into economic value under the background of “carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals”, and implements the concept of “Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets”. This paper introduced the relevant concepts of farmland carbon sink, systematically sorted out the policy documents of farmland carbon sink, analyzed the practical logic of realizing the value of farmland carbon sink, and sorted out six realization mechanisms based on the policy documents: investigation and monitoring, value evaluation, operation and development, protection and compensation, value realization guarantee and promotion mechanism, and proposed three major paths for realizing the value of farmland carbon sink based on practice: Market path, financial derivative path and multiple integrated path. Finally, it pointed out that the current farmland carbon sink value realization faced with imperfect regulations, policies and accounting methods, and put forward suggestions such as the combination of digital and market-oriented means, in order to provide practical reference for the realization of farmland carbon sink value in China.