HYDROGEN AS AN ENERGY VECTOR: EFFICIENCY AND COMPARISON BETWEEN PRODUCTION ROUTES

Hydrogen is a crucial energy vector for the global energy transition, with significant potential to decarbonize industrial and transportation sectors. Excessive reliance on fossil fuels can increase vulnerability to price fluctuations and geopolitical issues, making the adoption of a diversified and resilient energy mix necessary. Diversifying pathways by incorporating renewable and green hydrogen not only reduces emissions but also stimulates innovation, creates jobs in emerging sectors, and strengthens collaboration among governments, industries, and research institutions. This approach is important for the development of technologies that integrate different production processes, such as carbon capture and the use of renewable sources, for the transition to a low-carbon economy.