THE ROLE OF IMPACT INVESTING IN OVERCOMING THE CONSEQUENCES OF ENVIRONMENTAL DISASTERS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF LIQUIDATION OF CONSEQUENCES OF FUEL OIL SPILL IN THE WATER AREA OF THE BLACK SEA)

Impact investments serve as a key instrument for mitigating the consequences of fuel oil spills in the Black Sea. They contribute to the restoration of the ecosystem, biodiversity, and the development of affected regions. Particular attention is given to assessing economic damage, including a decline in Gross Regional Product (GRP), losses in fisheries, tourism, and agriculture, as well as reduced tax revenues and increased social costs. The application of comprehensive assessment methods enables accurate determination of loss scales and the formulation of sound recovery strategies, thereby reducing the risk of recurring environmental disasters and ensuring sustainable longterm development.