Phytochemical Characterization And In Vitro Evaluation Of Antidiabetic Activity Of Abelmoschus Ficulneus Extracts

The present study investigates the phytochemical composition and in-vitro antidiabetic activity of an Abelmoschus ficulneus leaves extract. Different physical parameters like ash values, moisture content, Loss on drying, etc. were evaluated for powdered drug. The extracts were obtained from Soxhlet, Maceration and maceration with ultrasonication method by using ethanol 50%, Aqueous and Ethanol 95% as solvents for extraction and subjected for preliminary phytochemical evaluation and antioxidant studies. Preliminary phytochemical analysis acknowledged the presence of secondary metabolites constituents such as alkaloids, phenolic, flavonoids, carbohydrate, saponins and glycosides. Total phenolic and flavonoids content were also analysed. The aqueous extract exhibited a higher content of phenolic compounds (27.15%) and flavonoids (17.553%) compared to the ethanol extracts. The 100% aqueous extract of Abelmoschus ficulneus exhibited the highest antioxidant activity, with a radical scavenging rate of 65.67%. This was significantly greater than that of the 50% and 95% ethanol extracts, indicating superior efficacy of the aqueous extract. Each extract was subjected to in-vitro assays to evaluate antidiabetic activity, specifically through α-amylase inhibition. Results indicated that the aqueous extract exhibited significant enzyme inhibitory effects, suggesting the presence of potent antidiabetic compounds. These findings support the traditional use of the plant in diabetes management and provide a scientific basis for further phytochemical isolation and characterization of active constituent’s pharmacological evaluation.