Optimization of Hydrogen Road Transport Routes Based on Combinatorial Assignment and Gray Correlation Analysis

Hydrogen, as an efficient and clean energy carrier, is confronted with significant challenges during road transportation due to its inherent risks of flammability, explosion, and easy diffusion. These risks not only pose high safety concerns but also bring substantial economic challenges. To address these issues and enhance transportation efficiency while ensuring safety, this paper proposes a novel multiobjective optimization model. This model integrates a combination weighting method with gray correlation analysis to quantitatively evaluate and optimize transportation paths. It comprehensively considers multiple critical factors, including population casualty risk, environmental diffusion risk, and economic loss risk, from the perspectives of safety, economy, and time. The model’s effectiveness in identifying high-risk paths and optimizing transportation decisions is validated through the calculation of an actual transportation network. The research results indicate that this method can effectively achieve multidimensional risk trade-offs, providing a safer and more efficient transportation path scheme. Moreover, it offers valuable theoretical support and practical guidance for risk management and path optimization in hydrogen road transportation.