Selection of the main parameters and operating modes of milking installations when milking cows on high-mountain pastures

The article presents the results of theoretical, laboratory and industrial studies of the process of machine milk removal in high-mountain pastures. In particular, special attention is paid to the study of the operation of the actuator in contact with the living tissues of a lactating cow at certain values of vacuum pressure, stretching of the teat rubber and methods of regulating the process of machine milking at different altitudes above sea level, which are directly dependent on barometric pressure. A mathematical description of the parameters describing the action of the teat rubber is disclosed: the amplitude of the transverse vibration of the teat rubber; the gravity of the suspended part of the milking machine; the force of resistance to compression of the teat; the pressure drop in the milking unit; additional force during the compression stroke of the teat rubber; the coefficient of loss of barometric pressure on the transverse deflection of the teat rubber from the side of the teat chamber. A diagram of the teat rubber operation with a change in atmospheric pressure is presented. The effect of barometric pressure change on the operation of the milking unit in high-mountain conditions is considered. The influence of the teat cup liner tension on the milk removal process was studied. In order to ensure a stable oscillation amplitude and stable compression by the teat cup liner at each compression stroke in the teat cup under conditions of changing barometric pressure, it is necessary to regulate the pressure difference and the teat cup liner tension. At the same time, to prevent cows from getting udder mastitis, it is advisable to use a pressure difference in the milking unit within the natural values. Conclusion: in order to stabilize the cow milking mode under conditions of reduced barometric pressure, it is necessary to regulate the pressure difference in the milking unit within 33. . . 42 kPa.