Optimization of 3D printing parameters for carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) material: Impact and hardness analysis using Taguchi method

Carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRP) have gained significant attention due to their excellent mechanical properties. However, optimizing 3D printing parameters remains a challenge in achieving enhanced material performance. In this study, a commercial CFRP filament with a polymeric matrix composed of polylactic acid (PLA) was used. The main objective was to analyze the impact strength and hardness of printed samples using the Taguchi method. The factors utilized were nozzle temperature, infill density, printing speed, layer thickness, infill pattern, and orientation. Confirmation tests were conducted to confirm the optimal parameter setting by comparing the experimental result with calculated values. The confirmation test validated that the optimal parameters yielded a Shore D hardness value of 74.8132 and impact strength of 1.261 J. ANOVA results indicated that the layer thickness (38.23%) and infill density (25.01%) significantly affected the hardness, whereas infill density (65.57%) and layer thickness (18.31%) were the predominant factors affecting impact strength. The findings confirm that Taguchi technique effectively optimizes 3D printing parameters of CFRP materials for improved mechanical properties and manufacturing efficiency. Future research should be directed towards hybrid post-processing techniques, fatigue and wear resistance tests, internal structure optimization, and environmental tests for further performance improvement of CFRP in industries.