The language of suicide

Key digested message The language and understanding of suicide have evolved over time, shaped by both experts and laypeople. Researchers debate definitions of suicide, focusing on intent, rationality, and forms of self-destructive behaviour, such as chronic or indirect suicides. Laypeople, on the other hand, emphasize reducing stigma in terminology, replacing phrases like ‘committed suicide’ with ‘died by suicide.’ Terms like ‘suicidality, ’ ‘non-suicidal self-injury,’ and classifications such as ‘suicide-by-cop’ reflect the complexities in studying self-harm behaviours. The inclusion of those with lived experiences in discussions has further influenced changes in terminology and perspectives. Meanwhile, debates continue about categorizing acts like physician-assisted suicide and whether societal labels like ‘successful’ or ‘failed’ suicides unintentionally reinforce biases. Overall, the discussion reflects the need for nuanced, stigma-free approaches to understanding suicide and related behaviours.