Minimally invasive surgery for lumbar disc herniation: a meta-analysis of efficacy and safety

Different minimally invasive surgeries for LDH have unique benefits. PTED has advantages in terms of operative time, blood loss, and length of hospital stay. However, there is a risk of nerve damage and cerebrospinal fluid leakage. The recurrence rate of MED is low. PEID is associated with lower ODI and VAS scores. MD reduces blood loss and operative time. The combination of PELD and PRP injections provides a new therapeutic direction for the treatment of LDH by relieving pain, reducing recurrence, improving patient satisfaction, and possibly promoting disc repair.