Single-satellite Multi-beam Antenna Interference Localization based on Two-stage Localization Optimization

In modern satellite communication systems, frequent interference events pose a significant threat to communication quality and service stability, especially in the context of limited orbital and frequency resources. Therefore, researching efficient interference source localization techniques is of paramount importance. This paper focuses on a single-satellite interference localization method based on onboard multi-beam antennas, proposing a two-stage localization optimization strategy to improve the accuracy and robustness of interference source localization. First, this paper validates the interference source communication link model under complex multi-factor scenarios, including interference source location, frequency, and gain measurement errors, providing reliable data support for model optimization. Next, a two-stage localization optimization method is proposed, consisting of interference evaluation and fine localization. In the first stage, the particle swarm algorithm is used for preliminary localization of the interference source, and the interference difficulty evaluation network is applied to evaluate the difficulty of interference source localization. In the second stage, the particle swarm algorithm's results are retained for easy interference sources. And an encoder-decoder-based localization model is devised to locate difficult interference sources, significantly improving localization accuracy. Experimental results show that the proposed method demonstrates strong adaptability and accuracy in various complex environments, effectively reducing interference source localization errors.