Investigation of engineering-scale testing and bearing capacity calculation method for rotary screw special-shaped piles

This paper investigates the bearing performance of rotary drilling screw special-shaped piles, a novel foundation solution designed to enhance load-bearing capacity in geotechnical engineering. Combining engineering-scale tests with numerical simulations, the study evaluates the interaction between piles and surrounding soil, with particular focus on the effect of thread geometry. The proposed orthogonal simulation model assesses the influence of key design parameters such as thread height, pitch, and pile length on compressive bearing capacity and end resistance. The results demonstrate that the thread structure increases the interaction area between the pile and soil, improving side friction resistance and overall bearing capacity. A method for calculating the bearing capacity of screw special-shaped piles is proposed, based on Meyerhof’s theory for deep foundations, which is validated through experimental data. This research provides valuable insights for optimizing pile foundation design and offers a reliable approach for calculating bearing capacity. The findings highlight the potential of screw special-shaped piles to enhance structural stability and material efficiency in challenging geotechnical conditions, offering a solid foundation for future studies on advanced pile systems in civil engineering.