Research Advances in the Association between Cytokine Profiles and Severe Pneumonia

本综述聚焦细胞因子谱与重症肺炎的多方面研究。首先阐述细胞因子在重症肺炎中的病理机制、重症肺炎流行病学特征及细胞因子谱的历史演变与研究进展。接着探讨常规检验指标在重症肺炎中的诊断价值、现状及未来发展方向，以及细胞因子谱与常规检验指标的联合应用，包括联合诊断策略、在预后评估中的作用及临床实践与技术进展。同时介绍重症肺炎诊断技术的最新进展，治疗策略的演变，并分析细胞因子谱与常规检验指标在应用中的争议点。旨在全面梳理该领域研究，为重症肺炎的诊治提供理论依据与研究方向。This review focuses on multifaceted research regarding cytokine profiles and severe pneumonia. First, it elaborates on the pathological mechanisms of cytokines in severe pneumonia, the epidemiological characteristics of severe pneumonia, and the historical evolution and research progress of cytokine profiling. Subsequently, it explores the diagnostic value, current status, and future directions of conventional laboratory markers in severe pneumonia, as well as the combined application of cytokine profiles and conventional biomarkers—including integrated diagnostic strategies, their role in prognostic evaluation, and clinical practice alongside technological advancements. Additionally, it highlights the latest progress in diagnostic techniques for severe pneumonia and the evolution of treatment strategies, while analyzing controversies in the application of cytokine profiles and conventional biomarkers. The review aims to comprehensively synthesize research in this field, providing a theoretical foundation and future directions for the diagnosis and treatment of severe pneumonia.