Prevalence of Oral Lesions with Radiographic Changes Diagnosed in Patients from the Stomatology and Radiology Clinics of UNIFAL-MG

Aims: The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and classification of oral lesions presenting radiographic alterations, as well as to characterize the epidemiological profile of affected patients treated at the Stomatology and Radiology Clinics of UNIFAL-MG. Study Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Data were collected from panoramic radiographs and dental records of patients of both sexes, all age groups, and ethnic backgrounds, who were treated at the Stomatology and Radiology Clinics of UNIFAL-MG between May 2023 and April 2024. Methodology: A search was conducted for images compatible with radiographic bone alterations from patients undergoing treatment or follow-up at the Stomatology and Radiology Clinics of UNIFAL-MG, whose records were complete. Results: The sample consisted of 20 patients, 55% of whom were female and 45% male. The age range included patients from the second to the eighth decades of life, with a predominance in the fifth decade. Regarding ethnicity, 40% were classified as feoderm, 35% as leucoderma, and 25% as melanoderma. In all cases, panoramic radiography was requested, along with cone beam computed tomography (65%), hematological examinations (60%), biopsy and histopathological analysis (70%), and exploratory biopsy (10%). Of all lesions detected, 10% were located in the anterior maxilla, 5% in the posterior maxilla, 30% in the anterior mandible, 80% in the mandibular body, and 15% in the mandibular ramus. The most prevalent jaw-related oral lesions were radicular cyst (35%), osteonecrosis (15%), and simple bone cyst (15%). In most cases, there was agreement between the definitive diagnosis and the initial diagnostic hypothesis. Conclusion: The findings highlight the importance of the dental surgeon in diagnosing and providing appropriate treatment aimed at restoring patients health. Keywords: Cross-sectional studies; pathology, oral; radiography, panoramic; diagnosis, oral