Limbal stem cell deficiency: a dreaded complication of chickenpox in children

We report a rare case of Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency (LSCD) in a 10-year-old child following chickenpox. The child presented with persistent ocular symptoms, including pain, redness, and photophobia, two months after the resolution of systemic chickenpox. Ophthalmic examination revealed conjunctival hyperemia, 360° conjunctivalization, corneal neovascularization, and an epithelial defect. LSCD, characterized by corneal neovascularization and conjunctivalization, can occur after viral infections, including herpes zoster. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of LSCD following chickenpox in a child. Early recognition and collaborative care between pediatricians and ophthalmologists are essential for effective management.