The Digital Ruble as a Category of Civil Law

The article analyzes the basic rules governing the procedure for settlements in digital rubles. The subjects of the digital ruble platform and their responsibilities have been identified. The similarities and differences between the bank account agreement and the digital ruble account agreement as its variety, as well as the relationship between the availability of a bank account and the ability to open a digital account for settlements in digital rubles, have been established. Based on the analysis of the current legislation, it is concluded that citizens and legal entities are free to conclude a digital ruble account agreement. It has been established that the digital ruble account agreement is, by its legal nature, an accession agreement, which entails the emergence of an additional right for users of the platform to demand modification or termination of such an agreement if there are grounds provided for by law. The procedure for exchanging non-cash funds for digital rubles is revealed. A list of operations that can be performed using the digital ruble is provided. It is proposed to fix at the legislative level a norm prohibiting the operator of the digital ruble platform from unilaterally making changes to the digital ruble account agreement that worsen the situation of an individual user, as well as a norm providing for a list of conditions to be agreed upon when concluding a digital ruble account agreement. The legal nature of the digital ruble is analyzed. Digital rubles are digital non-cash funds, i.e. rights of claim (rights of obligation). Based on the analysis of the current legislation, it is concluded that such rights of claim arise on the basis of a complex legal and factual composition, including the commission by the subjects of the platform of a number of sequential actions.