Analysis of the effect of mild hypothermic circulatory arrest anesthesia on postoperative lung function in patients with aortic dissection

This study aims to explore the effect of mild hypothermic circulatory arrest anesthesia on postoperative lung function in patients with aortic dissection (AD). A total of 71 patients who underwent modified aortic arch replacement surgery in hospitals from January 2021 to December 2023 were selected as the study subjects. According to the differences in rectal temperature and mild hypothermia circulatory arrest temperature during surgery, patients were divided into mild hypothermia group and moderate hypothermia group. The intraoperative surgery time, infusion status, and postoperative complications of patients were compared from 3 dimensions: preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative. The differences between 2 groups of patients under different anesthesia methods were evaluated. The general situation of preoperative grouping for patients in the mild hypothermia group and the moderate hypothermia group was basically the same, and there was no significant difference, indicating a certain degree of comparability. In the comparison of intraoperative surgery time, the surgery time, cardiopulmonary bypass time, cooling time, and rewarming time of the mild hypothermia group were (406.41 ± 35.14) min, (147.75 ± 22.58) min, (15.87 ± 6.78) min, and (70.45 ± 9.48) min, respectively, with P < .05 between the mild hypothermia group and the moderate hypothermia group. Starting from the second day after surgery and by the third day, there were a significant difference in the patient's respiratory index and oxygenation index (P < .05). There were significant postoperative changes in alanine lminotransferase, total bilirubin, and creatinine levels in both groups. On the third day after surgery, there was a significant difference in the levels of alanine lminotransferase and total bilirubin between the shallow hypothermia group and the moderate hypothermia group, with statistical significance (P < .05). Compared to the group of moderate to low temperature circulatory arrest modes, shallow low temperature circulatory arrest anesthesia is safer and more effective in the treatment of Stanford type A AD patients, and has better therapeutic effects on long-term postoperative lung function recovery in AD patients. This method can not only shorten the cardiopulmonary bypass time and hospitalization time, but also improve the postoperative recovery of patients.