Study on the Efficacy and Mechanism of Metabolomics and Bioinformatics on the Treatment of Qi Stagnation and Blood Stasis Coronary Heart Disease by Danshen Injection

This study, grounded in traditional Chinese medicine theory, established a QZXY-CHD model to investigate DSI's impact on vascular endothelial function, inflammatory factors, oxidative stress, and myocardial energy metabolism from a holistic perspective. The results demonstrated that DSI significantly reduced serum levels of ET-1, MPO, IL-1β, TNF-α, MDA, LDH, and CK-MB, while increasing NO and SOD levels, indicating DSI's ability to inhibit inflammation, mitigate oxidative stress, and protect endothelial and organ functions. Using bioinformatics, we identified differentially expressed genes and metabolic pathways in coronary heart disease and screened diagnostic biomarkers (JDP2, ZFP36, TRAF3IP3, MRPS30, CLEC4D). Non-targeted metabolomics revealed changes in endogenous metabolites, identifying 73 differential metabolites between the control (Con) and model (Mod) groups, and 75 between the Mod and DSI groups, with 21 key overlapping metabolites. Integrated bioinformatics and metabolomics analysis highlighted critical metabolites such as arachidonic acid, leukotriene B4, linoleic acid, sucrose, D-glucose, pyroglutamic acid, and palmitic acid, as well as seven key metabolic pathways including arachidonic acid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, and galactose metabolism. This combined analysis provides biological evidence for identifying biomarkers of CHD host susceptibility and elucidates the mechanisms by which DSI ameliorates QZXY-CHD, offering new insights for diagnosis and disease management.