Epidemiological Profile of Cancer Patients Received Radiotherapy Treatment in A Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

Background: Cancer is the second leading cause of death around the world and is one of the most serious non-contagious diseases. Its incidence and demography form the basis of prevention and screening. However, existing data from cancer registries is limited in our part of the world. This study is powered to discuss the epidemiological profile of cancer patients for radiation treatment in a calendar year. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done to assess the records of the cancer patients, receiving radiation treatment from January to December 2023 for one year at the Department of Oncology, Dr. Ziauddin Hospital total of 546 patients. The data was collected based on epidemiological information like demographic details, distribution of areas, and the type of cancer and its treatment. Data were analyzed using SPSS v.26.0. Data were presented as demographic characteristics, frequencies, and percentages. Results: A total of 546 cases of cancer were reviewed during the study period. Among them, 51.6% (n=282) patients were female and 44% (n=240) were between 41-60 years of age. 83.9% of the cases (n=458) came from Sindh, with the majority, that is 71.5% (n=392), belonging to Karachi. Breast cancer was the most frequent type of cancer, having the maximum number of cases, 27.7%, and had a high proportion in comparison with world-level and national statistics. Nearly 55.8% of cases presented with regional extent of disease. Conclusion: The data, which includes valuable radiotherapy-related insights, plays a crucial role in cancer prevention by identifying key risk factors, serving as a foundation for developing national screening protocols tailored to our region, enabling early detection and timely intervention, and contributing to a more effective, evidence-based approach to cancer control and improved patient outcomes.