Effect of Fluid Contamination on Reverse Torque of Healing Abutments in Two Implant Connection Systems: In Vitro Study

Conical implant-abutment connections generally require higher RTVs for abutment disconnection compared to internal hex connections. Both implant connection and the type of contaminant significantly affect RTVs. Chlorhexidine has been shown to reduce reverse torque for both types of connections. In contrast, contamination with saliva and blood tends to increase reverse torque, particularly for conical connections.