SOME ANTHROPOMETRIC AND BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS AS POTENTIAL PREDICTORS FOR TYPE 2 DIABETES IN PATIENTS IN MONTENEGRO

Anthropometric parameters, which include body measurements such as body mass, height, waist circumference, skinfolds, body mass index (BMI), and other measures, play a crucial role in biomedical research, including research on type 2 diabetes. The application of anthropometric measurements in biomedical studies helps to better understand the pathophysiological mechanisms of type 2 diabetes and other diseases. For example, studies have shown that high BMI and abdominal obesity can increase the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and free fatty acids, contributing to insulin resistance. Additionally, specific measurements such as waist circumference can indicate specific types of fat (visceral or subcutaneous) that have different effects on metabolism. Anthropometric parameters, especially when combined with certain biochemical markers, can also have predictive value in specific populations, such as individuals with a family history of diabetes, older adults, or ethnic groups at higher risk for type 2 diabetes. The use of these parameters can enable early identification of individuals at increased risk and the implementation of preventive measures before the disease becomes clinically manifest. Therefore, in epidemiological studies, anthropometric parameters are essential for analyzing the distribution and prevalence of type 2 diabetes in different populations. With these measurements, researchers can compare disease frequency in groups with different anthropometric characteristics and analyze potential risk factors, which can assist in shaping public health strategies for diabetes prevention.