Syntactic Error Analysis in Student Essays at Darul Lughah wal Karomah Islamic Boarding School

Purpose - This study aims to analyze the types and causes of grammatical (nahwu) errors in Arabic essay writing by students at Pondok Pesantren Darul Lughah wal Karomah 2. Design/methodology/approach - This research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical method. Data were collected through documentation of students’ written essays and analyzed using error analysis techniques to determine the types and frequency of grammatical mistakes. Findings/results – The findings reveal that the most common errors involve incorrect use of i’rab, misuse of word forms (noun, verb, particle), and sentence structure issues, especially mismatches between subjects and predicates. These results indicate that students' practical understanding of nahwu rules is still limited. Originality/value - The originality of this study lies in its specific focus on Arabic grammatical errors within the pesantren learning environment, which has a unique curriculum for Arabic language instruction. Paper type – Research paper