Assessing Offshore Tidal Energy Potential in Rivers State, Nigeria: A Path to Renewable Energy Transition

As the global transition to renewable energy accelerates, offshore tidal energy emerges as a reliable and sustainable alternative to conventional power sources. However, its feasibility and potential remain largely unexplored in Nigeria. This study assesses the tidal energy potential of Bonny, Opobo, and New Calabar Rivers in Rivers State, with a focus on their hydrodynamic characteristics and suitability for energy generation. Through hydrodynamic modelling and site-specific tidal range analysis, the study identifies Bonny River as the most promising site, exhibiting a spring tidal range of 2.6m, making it suitable for offshore tidal turbine installations. Despite the significant economic and environmental benefits of tidal energy, including carbon emission reductions, energy security, and job creation, several challenges hinder its deployment. These include high capital investment costs, technological limitations, and potential ecological disruptions. The study emphasizes the need for targeted policy frameworks, government incentives, and private-sector investments to foster the adoption of tidal energy in Nigeria. Additionally, advancements in turbine technology, financial modelling, and environmental management are essential to overcome current barriers and enhance feasibility. With a structured and well-coordinated implementation plan, offshore tidal energy can play a pivotal role in Nigeria’s energy diversification strategy, contributing to sustainable development goals (SDG 7: Affordable and Clean Energy and SDG 13: Climate Action). This research provides a roadmap for future studies and policymakers, emphasizing the importance of sustainable energy solutions for Nigeria’s long-term energy security.