Vitamin D and cardiorenal diseases

Vitamin D is a crucial fat-soluble compound primarily involved in maintaining calcium-phosphate balance and promoting bone health. In recent years, its broader physiological roles, particularly in cardiovascular (CV) and kidney function, have garnered significant interest. Deficiency in vitamin D is a widespread issue, affecting a large portion of the global population, and is associated with various health problems, including CV disease. Research suggests adequate vitamin D levels help preserve vascular function, reduce inflammation and fibrosis, and potentially protect against hypertension, atherosclerosis, and albuminuria. Observational studies have consistently reported that low vitamin D levels are linked to an increased risk of heart disease, stroke, and high blood pressure. While supplementation is generally safe at recommended levels, further investigations are needed to clarify its role in CV risk reduction. This article examines the impact of vitamin D on the heart, blood vessels, and kidneys.