Analysis of Prescribing Pattern of Drugs in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a common, progressive lung condition which significantly impacts the quality of life. Despite the existence of clinical guidelines, irrational prescribing patterns, remain common. Analysing prescription patterns and evaluating drug use can identify issues with prescribing patterns and provide valuable guidance to medical professionals. This study thus aims to analyse the prescribing practices of patients with COPD in order to determine areas for improvement, rationality, and adherence to guidelines. A prospective observational study was conducted among 113 COPD patients. Data on demographics, clinical status, and treatment (drug type, dosage, frequency, duration, and route of administration) were collected. WHO core prescribing indicators were applied along with analysis of drug classes, fixed drug combinations, and rescue medications. Majority of patients were between the ages of 61 and 75. 46.8% of individuals had a history of smoking, and 67.2% of cases had comorbidities. Of the 608 medications provided, 43% dealt with comorbidities and 57% targeted COPD. The most commonly utilized medications were bronchodilators (38.8%), corticosteroids (16.45%), and antibiotics (18.75%). In 72.5% of cases, beta-2 agonists were prescribed. ICS and combination mucolytics were preferred. The prescribing pattern reflected rational COPD management. According to this study, the most commonly prescribed drug classes for the treatment of COPD are bronchodilators, corticosteroids, and antibiotics. There is a visible overuse of antibiotics and brand-name prescriptions, which deviates from WHO core prescribing indicators. Ongoing prescription audits and educational interventions can thus promote rational drug usage and improve patient outcomes in the treatment of COPD.