EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE SELECTION OF COWS FOR DAIRY PRODUCTIVITY BRED IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

The effectiveness of the selection of breeding cattle of various breeds by the level of dairy productivity in Kazakhstan has been evaluated. The analysis covers the breeding dairy stock registered in the register of the Republican Chamber of Dairy and Combined Breeds. Data on dairy productivity were extracted from the Republican Livestock Information and Analytical System from 2016 to October 2024, covering breeds such as Alatau, Black and white, Swiss, Red steppe, and Simmental. The reliability of the data is confirmed by chemical analysis of milk and regular monitoring of milk yields. The study revealed a regular dynamics of milk productivity: an increase in milk yield from the first to the second lactation, followed by a moderate decrease in the third and subsequent lactation. Significant breed differences have been identified, which underlines the need to take them into account when developing breeding programs. The results obtained can be used to improve animal feeding, reproduction, and culling programs, which will ensure an increase in the efficiency of dairy cattle breeding and its competitiveness.