Exergy Analysis of 500 MW Power Unit Based on Direct Measurement Data

This paper presents an exergy analysis of a 500 MW unit based on actual measurement data. The mathematical model of the system was built in the Aspen HYSYS 2.4 software. The analysis was carried out for two operating states of the unit, at nominal load and at minimum technical load, based on data from two measurement campaigns carried out specifically for this study. The use of measurement data allows an accurate representation of the unit’s current operating conditions, which is crucial for the accuracy of the analysis and the practical implementation of the results obtained. The results show that the dominant sources of exergy losses are the irreversibilities associated with combustion and boiler heat transfer, which account for more than 60% of total exergy losses. The article makes an important contribution to sustainability by identifying opportunities to increase the operating efficiency of the power unit and reduce CO2 emissions. Proposed technical modifications, such as the modernisation of air heaters, the use of inverters in ventilation systems, or the optimisation of heat exchangers in the turbine system, can significantly improve energy efficiency and reduce the unit’s environmental impact. The analysis provides a valuable resource for the development of energy technologies that promote efficiency and sustainable resource use.