Investigating dose-dependent effects of chemical compounds targeting rumen fermentation pathways using an in-vitro rumen fermentation system

This study demonstrated that (i) all the evaluated compounds affected the targeted metabolic pathways without influencing the structure of the rumen microbial community, (ii) BES inhibited methanogenesis without affecting dry matter degradability, and (iii) HoC and DFS shifted hydrogen utilization towards acetate and propionate production. The recommended doses, to reduce methane during in-vitro rumen fermentation for BES, HoC, and DFS were determined to be 2.5 mmol/L, 5 mmol/L, and 10 mmol/L, respectively. Further research is suggested to understand the interactive effects of methane inhibition compounds, such as BES, in conjunction with H₂ sink compounds such as HoC and DFS. However, caution is advised when using halogenated compounds like BES, as some methanogens have developed resistance and BES is not approved for use as a feed additive for live animals.