Risk Assessment Method of Industrial Urban Areas Considering Building Vulnerability

Industrial accidents may result in injuries and damage to buildings. Buildings as an important category of hazard-bearing bodies in industrial accidents cannot be ignored in regional risk assessment. The purpose of this study is to introduce building vulnerability into the study of hazard-bearing body vulnerability and build a comprehensive vulnerability assessment model of hazard-bearing body. A comprehensive risk assessment method is proposed which considers the accident consequences and the vulnerability of hazard-bearing body. Firstly, an accident scenario was established and accident footprints were spatially displayed using the hazard modeling software ALOHA. Secondly, the building vulnerability is evaluated based on the exposure, sensitivity and adaptability of the buildings. Building density and distance from the accident center are selected into the exposure index layer. Building age, building height, seismic grade of building are selected into the sensitivity index layer. Emergency shelter area and road area are selected into the adaptability index layer. Finally, ArcGIS is used to superimpose accident consequence map and hazard-bearing body vulnerability map to generate comprehensive risk map and realize regional comprehensive risk visualization. This procedure was tested in a small town in China, and the results showed that the inclusion of building vulnerability in the risk assessment system led to more accurate results.