Abdominal wall endometriosis in a postcesarean patient: A case report and comprehensive review of diagnostic approaches and management strategies

Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity, affecting up to 10% of women of reproductive age. Abdominal wall endometriosis is a specific type of extrapelvic endometriosis, with a reported incidence ranging from 0.3% to 3.5%. A history of abdominal surgery, particularly cesarean section, is the main risk factor for developing abdominal wall endometriosis. We report the case of a 43-year-old female patient with a history of cesarean section who presented with cyclic and progressively worsening pain in terms of intensity and duration in the left iliac fossa, persisting for 18 months. Clinical evaluation revealed a solid mass in the deep soft tissues of the hypogastrium, with subsequent histopathological confirmation of abdominal wall endometriosis.