Construction and Application of a Safety Evaluation Index System for Customs Supervision Sites

Customs supervision sites, including airport cargo terminals, seaports, and railway stations, serve as critical nodes in the international logistics network. Their safety management is directly linked to national economic security and trade stability. As part of its mandate, customs authorities oversee inbound and outbound transportation vehicles, goods, and items, and establish supervision sites at designated locations for enforcement operations. This study, grounded in accident causation theory and customs supervision requirements, identifies five primary safety risks in customs supervision sites: physical security, information security, personnel safety, management risks, and compliance risks. Based on these risks, a comprehensive safety evaluation index system is developed. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is employed to determine the weight of each evaluation index, and a systematic framework for risk assessment is constructed. A comprehensive safety risk assessment system is subsequently developed and tested using case studies of representative customs supervision sites to validate its applicability and effectiveness. The test results indicate that the proposed evaluation system accurately reflects the safety status of supervision sites and provides quantitative risk assessment results for decision-makers. The findings of this study offer theoretical support and practical guidance for the safety management of customs supervision sites, enhancing regulatory efficiency and risk prevention capabilities.