Uncompensated Ferromagnetic–Antiferromagnetic Interaction Driven Exchange Bias Characteristics in Fe and V‐Substituted Mn₂O₃ Matrix

Elemental substitution is an effective way to modify the physical properties of a material by introducing a heteroatom to tune the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of the primary compound. In this context, this work aims to study the effect of transition metal dopants (T = Fe, V) on structural and magnetic properties of the prepared Mn 2− x T x O 3 particles. The Rietveld refined X‐ray diffraction patterns reveal the expansion in unit cell volume on incorporating Fe and V into the Mn 2 O 3 lattice. The fitted XPS spectra indicate the multivalent nature of constituents Mn/Fe/V. Each sample exhibits an antiferromagnetic (AFM) nature with a Néel temperature ( T N ) close to 80 K. The Fe‐doped sample demonstrates enhanced magnetization strength ascribed to the ferromagnetic (FM) nature of Fe. Whereas, the V‐doped specimen showcases the strong AFM‐FM interaction between the AFM‐Mn 2 O 3 and uncompensated FM surface spins initiated by oxygen vacancies. The resultant FM‐AFM coupling induces unidirectional anisotropy, leading to a complete shift of the hysteresis loop. The present work helps to understand the root cause of exchange bias development in AFM/uncompensated FM spin nanostructures.