Phytochemical screening, TLC Profiling and GC-MS Analysis of the Methanolic Extract of Averrhoa carambola Leaves

Background and objectives: Averrhoa carambola is a member of the Oxalidaceae family and is grown extensively throughout Southeast Asia.It has important uses in ethnomedicine and ethnobotany.The present study was designed to determine the bioactive compounds in the methanol leaf extract of Averrhoa carambola.Methods: Various bioactive components were found in the Averrhoa carambola leaf extract during phytochemical screening.Thin layer chromatography (TLC) was carried out in silica gel plates using a variety of mobile phase techniques, toluene, ethyl acetate, chloroform and methanol and to detect with different colored phytochemical compounds.A Shimadzu GC-MS/MS system (Model: GCMS-TQ8040) was used to analyze the methanol extract of Averrhoa carambola leaves using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results:In the present investigation, qualitative phytochemical screening of methanol leaf extract was confirmed the presence of many phytochemicals like alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenes, anthraquinones, anthocyanins, reducing sugar, phenols and so on.Thin Layer chromatography (TLC) of the methanol leaf extract was performed for six important phytochemicals alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, triterpenes, coumarin and anthraquinones.The chromatographic analysis of the extract revealed 83 ingredients, of which 40 compounds were newly identified from the plant extract.Thioglycolic acid, S-isopropyloxycarbonyl constituted the predominant component at 11.28%, whereas Triacontane, 1-iodo exhibited the minimal peak area at 0.09%. Conclusion:The results of this investigation provide the way for the advancement of herbal medicines using A. carambola, potentially leading to the discovery of novel drugs for various ailments.