Isolation and Identification of Yersinia enterocolitica from Yamuna River Water and Analyzing the Bacterium at Various Abiotic Stress Levels Further Performing Antibiotic Susceptibility

Yersinia enterocolitica is a gram-negative, anaerobic, motile bacterium capable of thriving in diverse environmental conditions.This study investigates its growth characteristics, antimicrobial susceptibility, and response to bio-preservatives to assess its potential as a foodborne pathogen.The bacterium demonstrated the ability to grow across a broad pH range (3 to 13) and temperatures from 15C to 55C.It exhibited significant proliferation on selective and differential culture media, including SS agar, EMB, NAM agar, and MacConkey agar.Antimicrobial susceptibility tests indicated a higher inhibition zone for cefixime (1.7 cm) compared to ciprofloxacin (1.5 cm), while erythromycin showed no inhibitory effect.Additionally, growth response to preservatives such as citric, acetic, and lactic acids revealed that Y. enterocolitica exhibited the fastest growth in acetic acid, followed by lactic acid and citric acid.These findings underscore the bacterium's adaptability, antimicrobial resistance, and persistence in food products, emphasizing the need for stringent food safety measures.