Review on Prospects of Single Cell Proteins (SCPs) as a Future of Nutraceuticals

The increasing global demand for sustainable and nutrient-dense food sources necessitates innovative alternatives.Single-cell proteins (SCPs), derived from microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, algae, and yeast, have emerged as a promising nutraceutical resource.SCP production capitalizes on renewable substrates, including agricultural and industrial waste, aligning with sustainability goals.This review explores SCP's diverse sources, production methods, nutritional profiles, and applications.Rich in proteins, essential amino acids, vitamins, and bioactive compounds, SCP offers a cost-effective solution to address global protein shortages and malnutrition.Advancements in genetic engineering, fermentation technologies, and utilizing novel microorganisms have enhanced SCP's feasibility.Moreover, compared to traditional protein sources, SCP production reduces environmental impact by minimizing land use, water consumption, and carbon emissions.Current applications in human health, animal nutrition, and food systems illustrate SCP's versatility, while prospects include personalized nutraceuticals, functional foods, and integration into sustainable food chains.However, challenges remain in regulatory acceptance, consumer awareness, and scalability.With ongoing innovation, SCP holds the potential to revolutionize global nutrition and support a circular bioeconomy.