Comparative Analysis of Environmental Health Interventions in Controlling Tuberculosis in Some Selected States in Nigeria (Kano, Lagos and Niger States)

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease which is caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria that often affect the lungs. It is spread from person to person through the air. When people with TB cough, sneeze or spit, they propel the TB germs into the air. A person needs to inhale only a few of these germs to become infected. The study aimed at analyzing environmental health interventions in controlling tuberculosis in some selected states in Nigeria (Kano, Lagos and Niger States). Structured questionnaires and interview were used to collect data from the three states. The participants were interviewed to express themselves very well on their answers in the questionnaires. n = 260, n = 283 and n = 243 questionnaires were distributed in Kano, Lagos and Niger States respectively and n = 217, n = 248 and n = 196 questionnaires were retrieved from Kano, Lagos and Niger States respectively. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance and the mean scores were compared among the three states. There are discrepancies in perceptions regarding hygiene, overcrowding, and waste management suggest a need for enhanced public health messaging to bridge knowledge gaps in Kano state. The survey results suggest that improved ventilation, air quality measures, disinfection, and health education are the most widely supported environmental interventions for TB control in Lagos State. Furthermore, the results from Niger State show a mix of perceptions regarding various environmental health interventions for TB control.