Public-private partnership: conceptual basis and features of implementation in Ukraine.

The article provides a detailed analysis of the conceptual foundations of public-private partnership (PPP) as an important mechanism of interaction between the public and private sectors, which allows to effectively solve socially important tasks using innovative approaches and business resources. The role of PPP in the modern management of state assets and infrastructure projects is substantiated, as well as its importance for improving the quality of public services is determined. An analysis of key PPP models, such as concession, leasing, joint venture, and others, which are actively used in international practice, was carried out. Attention is focused on the advantages and disadvantages of each of the models, as well as on the conditions under which their use is most appropriate and effective.A separate section of the article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the implementation of public-private partnership in Ukraine. The regulatory and legal framework regulating PPPs, as well as organizational mechanisms and institutions involved in the partnership process, were analyzed. The main obstacles to the development of PPPs in Ukraine are identified, among which legal uncertainty, administrative barriers, an imperfect system of assessing risks and benefits, as well as a low level of institutional support stand out.The article provides examples of successful PPP projects implemented in various sectors of Ukraine’s economy, in particular in energy, transport, and utilities, which demonstrate the positive impact of partnership on the socio-economic development of the country. The prospects for the development of PPPs in key sectors, such as health care, where the private sector can make a significant contribution to modernizing infrastructure and improving the quality of services, are outlined.The article also pays attention to the analysis of modern trends in the development of public-private partnership at the global level, which allows to determine the main vectors of transformation of this model of interaction in the conditions of constant economic challenges and growing public needs. In particular, innovative approaches to PPP financing are considered, including the implementation of digital technologies, blockchain and green financing tools that can contribute to increased transparency and reduced risks in partnerships.The issue of risks in public-private projects, which are associated with economic instability, changes in legislation and the need to ensure the interests of both parties, has also been studied. Recommendations for the development of effective mechanisms for risk distribution and improvement of monitoring mechanisms are offered, which will minimize possible negative consequences and increase confidence on the part of investors.In addition, attention is focused on the importance of integrating PPPs into the state development strategy and the need to create a favorable investment climate, which will contribute to the attraction of foreign investors and the expansion of opportunities for the implementation of large-scale projects. In the context of Ukrainian realities, the potential for PPP development in the regional dimension is considered, which will allow for more uniform development of infrastructure and improve the quality of life of the population in different parts of the country.Thus, the article provides a comprehensive view of public-private partnership as a strategic development tool, emphasizing its role in reforming various sectors of Ukraine’s economy and creating sustainable socio-economic effects.The results of the study can be useful for policymakers, business representatives and scientists who are working on finding optimal models of cooperation between the state and the private sector to achieve sustainable development in Ukraine.