Exploring Pathways to Effective Government Public Health Governance: — A Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis of 31 Provinces

This study examines the factors influencing government performance in public health governance and how different combinations of these factors drive outcomes. By integrating the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) theory and resource-based theory, researchers utilize fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to explore the multiple pathways to governance performance in major public health events across 31 provincial-level regions in China. The findings reveal three pathways to achieving high governance performance, which are Environment-Driven Pathway, Technology-Driven Pathway, Resource-Light Technology-Driven Pathway. The Technology-Driven pathway plays a crucial role in enhancing governance performance, and multiple equivalent combinations contribute to improved outcomes. Furthermore, government attention is identified as a key factor in achieving high governance performance in public health.