UTILIZATION OF CORN BIOMASS WASTEFOR ADSORPTION OF METAL IONS: ASUGESTAIBLE APPROACH FOR WATER DECONTAMINATIO

Adsorption is a flexible and effective technique that is used to remove pollutants from contaminated water. Agricultural waste and biomass have drawn interest among the many materials being investigated for this purpose because of their efficacy, sustainability, and accessibility. After rice and wheat, corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the most extensively grown crops worldwide. Corn generates a lot of agricultural waste in addition to its important uses as food, animal feed, and a raw material for industry. Despite being frequently seen as a byproduct, this trash is a valuable resource because of its quantity and distinct chemical makeup. Both raw and processed maize biomass has significant potential as an adsorbent for eliminating toxic materials from water. In order to improve adsorption characteristic, corn waste can be converted into a material with improved adsorption capacities through chemically modification, carbonization, and composite forms. Each of these forms has unique benefits. It has been demonstrated that these adsorbents are efficient at removal of different pollutants from contaminated water, especially metal ions. Furthermore, use maize biomass to treat water is consistent with green chemistry and the circular economy, which support environmentally friendly and sustainable waste management methods. The many adsorbent forms made from maize biomass are thoroughly examined in this review, with an emphasis on their adsorption mechanisms, including chemisorption, surface adsorption, and ion exchange. Additionally, the report highlights the expanding relevance of corn waste and offers future research options while discussing the most recent findings in the sector.