Pattern and Epidemiological factors associated with Uninvestigated Dyspepsia among Adults of a Sub-urban Community of Ekiti State, Nigeria

Introduction: Uninvestigated dyspepsia is dyspepsia that has not been investigated and those present in the community are different from those in the hospital setting which are seen mostly after different selfattempts at treatment. Considering the pattern and burden of uninvestigated dyspepsia in the rural and suburban settings with associated epidemiological factors, may stimulate the need for prevention promotion and efforts at adaptability of the available management guidelines in resource poor settings. Materials and Methods: A population based cross sectional study conducted within a suburban town of Ekiti State, Nigeria. A total of 510 questionnaires were self-administered by randomly selected respondents. The prevalence of uninvestigated dyspepsia, most troublesome symptoms and severity of dyspepsia based on SF-LDQ were determined. Association between dyspeptic and non-dyspeptic groups with epidemiological factors was determined with Chi Square and logistic regression. Results: The overall prevalence of uninvestigated dyspepsia in this study was found to be 68.0% (347/510). The most troublesome dyspeptic symptoms were indigestion at 22.5%, heartburn at 18.0%, nausea at 17.5%, and regurgitation at 10.0%. Multivariate analysis of significant epidemiological factors showed that younger age group, regular use of NSAIDs, regular use of much pepper and inadequate exercise were predictive of uninvestigated dyspepsia. Conclusion: This study shows a high prevalence of uninvestigated dyspepsia, with indigestion identified as the most troublesome symptom while regurgitation is the most frequent and heartburn has the greatest impact on lifestyle. Use of NSAIDs, excessive consumption of pepper, older age, and inadequate exercise were associated with increased risk of developing uninvestigated dyspepsia.