Design and Analysis of a Hierarchical Fault Tolerance Mechanism for Hierarchical Multi-Identifier System

With the widespread application of blockchain technology in identifier management, the Hierarchical Multi-Identifier System (H-MIS) based on multi-layer blockchain has emerged as a new paradigm for unified management of multiple identifiers in future networks. However, the hierarchical architecture of H-MIS brings new reliability challenges: on one hand, inter-chain fault propagation makes system reliability analysis difficult; on the other hand, different layers exhibit differentiated fault characteristics that existing single-chain fault tolerance mechanisms struggle to accommodate. we propose a systematic hierarchical fault tolerance scheme. First, we design a three-layer fault tolerance strategy adapted to the hierarchical architecture, achieving comprehensive protection from data to services. Second, we establish a hierarchical fault model that combines hardware characteristics and consensus mechanisms. Finally, we construct a system reliability analysis framework and derive the theoretical lower bound of reliability.