A Triple-Band Broadband Antenna for the Internet of Vehicles

A single-port triple-band antenna is presented for the Internet of Vehicles. This vehicle-mounted antenna can cover the frequency bands of civil wireless base station networks, including the low-frequency band from 0.698 to 0.96 GHz, the mid-frequency band from 1.71 to 2.69 GHz, and the high-frequency band from 3.3 to 4.99 GHz. The highest frequency is seven times higher than the lowest frequency. The proposed antenna design incorporates multi-resonant structures, including the loop, stair-shaped dipole, and director for triple-band performance. The measurement results show that the -10-dB bandwidths are 0.67∼0.97 GHz, 1.67∼2.74 GHz, and 3.16∼5.11 GHz with relative bandwidths of 36.6%, 48.5%, and 47.1%. Broadside radiation patterns have been achieved with average gains of 5.74 dBi, 8.76 dBi, and 11.16 dBi for the target bands. The proposed design can offer triple-band and broadband performance with a compact structure, significantly reducing mass, volume, and cost for multi-band vehicular communication systems.