Wireless Sensor Network Localization with Molecular Force

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of spatially distributed autonomous sensors that monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound, and pressure. Locating in WSNs is crucial for various applications, including environmental monitoring, military surveillance, and healthcare. Accurate positioning enables the network to provide location-based services, improve routing efficiency, and support the detection of events and objects. His molecular force-based localization algorithm represents an advancement in WSN positioning technology. Its iterative approach, driven by a well-defined update mechanism, ensures precise and efficient localization, making it an invaluable tool for enhancing the functionality and performance of wireless sensor networks. In this study, a novel iterative algorithm WLMF is proposed to solve the localization problem of WSN. This algorithm is a wireless positioning algorithm based on RSSI technology, and its core idea is to use the current distance and target distance to determine whether the attraction component or the repulsion component is generated, and finally sum the multiple force components to determine the iterative update direction. To speed up algorithm convergence, the concept of momentum was introduced into the proposed algorithm. In order to estimate the convergence and localization performance of the proposed algorithm, we set up several different test environments, including different node numbers and model parameters. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has good positioning accuracy and fast convergence speed. This makes it a versatile and reliable choice for real-world applications, where precise localization is vital for tasks such as environmental monitoring, asset tracking, and security surveillance. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed localization algorithm achieves good accuracy.